Cytoplasmic ATR Activation Promotes Vaccinia Virus Genome Replication
Summary: In contrast to most DNA viruses, poxviruses replicate flex 4 heartworm test their genomes in the cytoplasm without host involvement.We find that vaccinia virus induces cytoplasmic activation of ATR early during infection, before genome uncoating, which is unexpected because ATR plays a fundamental nuclear role in maintaining host genome in